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I. AMUNDSEN REFRIGERATING PLANT July 2 4, 1928.

Original Filed Cot. 29, 1926 UNITED TES- rAT r-oFncE- IVAB Am NnsEN, or osLo,'nonwAY, assxeivon TO A/S AMUNDSEN narnrennnron COMPANY,- or OSLO, NORWAY. I

anrnrennarnve PLANT.

"o i inal No. 1,647,208, dated The presentin-vention relates to refrigerating plants ofthe adsorption or absorption type. More particularly the-invention rehates to refrigerating plants of this type in which there is utilized a gas adsorbing medium such as activated coal, which alternately adsorbs and when heated liberates the refrigerating fluid and according to one feature of the invention, the same consists in using an alcohol, more particularly meth- ,yl' alcohol (Cl-1 .011) or ethyl alcohol as a refrigerating fluid. Up der the {temporary conditions prevalhng 1n the refrigerating plants said alcohol is adsorbed in large quantities without the use of mechanical devices in suitable adsorption mediums and is easily liberated again by I heatingl' a',The alcohol having further a high evaporation heat and the pressure being always less than the atmospheric pressure in J the refrigerating plant, the refrigeratingliquid of which is an alcohol, the thermic efiiciency of the plant is very high.

Further the refrigerating plant. is explosionfree and a leakage, if any, will not be dangerous to the surroundings. Owing to the low pressure the tubes and vessels of the plant may be manufactured from very thin J material, thusreducing the cost Ofthemanu'facture.

. Another feature, of the invention consists in using animal-coal (blood-coal, bone-coal) asadsorption medium it having been proved by experiments that particularly satisfactory-results may be obtained by the use of coals of this kind, particularly. satisfactory results being obtained by the use ofMercks carbo-medicinalis.

A further feature of the invention relates to obtaining eflicient heat transmitting effects in the refrigerating plant of the kind specified, comprising a vessel, containing a solid adsorption absorption medium, such as foil-instance active coal and consists in providing the said vessel with a number of spaced walls, the space between the walls being alternately filled by the said adsorption medium and alternately adapted to he I filled by'the medium for coolingor heating the said adsorption medium.

A further featurev of the invention relates to refrigerating plants of the type specified, having between the condenser and the evaporator Of the refrigerating plant a. collectliquid in the collecting vessel to pass by November 1, 1927,.Serial No. 145,037, filed October 29, 1926. Application for reissue filed May 18, 1928. Serial No. 278,816.

gravity to the evaporator. Hereby it, is .ob-

tained in a simple manner that the vapor '2 liberated during the liberating period is prevented. from contact with the cold evaporator and at the same time it is obtained that the vapor leaving the evaporator during the evaporating condltlon.

on the drawing Fig. 1 illustrates'dia gra'nnnatically one form of the invention; Fig. 2is a cross-section through the gener-- ator 4 shown in 1 taken at an intermediate pointad aeent the middle of said period may be in a-dry 7 1 5 generator, and Fig. 3 shows a cross section through a modified vessel. p K

On Fig. 1 is the vessel containing for instance a gas-adsorbing medium, said vessel comprising a number. bf' coaxial doublewalled cylinders a, 'b', c'which are filled with the said medium and which are all conform of the adsorption nected by means of tube 2 to the condenser 3. In the space between the cylindersand between the exterior cylinder d and cylin der a fluid for cooling-or heating the ad sorption medium supplied. I

According tothe form of adsorption vessel illustrated on Fig. 3 the same comprises a double-walled spiral e which is filled with the adsorption medium, while fluid for heating or cooling the medium is suppliedto the space between the evolutions of the spiral.

The spirally wound vessel 6 is connected by means of tube 9 with the condenser.

ating liquid which is liberated during the heating period from adsorption vessel 1 and which is subsequently condensed in the condenser 3. The said collecting vessel 4 may be provided with an insulating cover 5. 6 is the evaporator. From the bottom of the 4 is the collectingvessel for the refrigercollecting vessel 4 the connecting tube 7 leads tothe evaporator, said tube 7 being provided with a non-returning valve 8.

' After the termination of the evaporating period the evaporator still contains a small quantity of refrigerating liquid. At .the'

end of the subsequent liberating period the .liquid level'in the collecting vessel has risen.

to line H. When the evaporating period starts again a certain quantity of the refrigerating liquid in the collecting vessel is first evaporated until the pressure in' this collecting vessel has decreased so much that the non-return valve 8 is lifted by means of the pressure existing in evaporating vessel .6. When said valve is lifted, vapor is let out from the evaporating vessel and at the same time refrigerating liquid from the collecting vessel 4 follows down into the evaporating vessel. Guides 9 limit the movement of the valve.

A further feature of the invention relates .to the heating device for the adsorbing vessel.-

To avoid dangerous temperatures in the vessel it has been suggested to heat the vessel in a water-bath. This however necessitates the heating of a considerable quantityof water which tends to reduce the thermal efiiciency of the plant. This draw-back'is avoided according to the invention by heating the vessel by means of steam developed in a boiler mounted below the adsorbing vessel in such a manner that the steam conof a source of heat located outside the vessel densed on the walls of the adsorbing vessel is returned automatically by its own gravity to the boiler where-it is again evaporated. The amount of water used for this purpose ma accordingly be very small.

s the adsorbing vessel is heated by means known manner for instance as indicated by means of an electric heating element 1,4

d enclosing the adsorption vessel may be in direct communication with the atmosphere as indicated'by means of tube 19. I

After the termination of the coolin periodfor vessel -1 the water level will e as indicated by line h. During the subsequent heating period the steam developed escapes into vessel d and is condensed on the walls of adsorption cylinders a, b, c, thecondensed water flowing back to boiler 10. jThe water lock '13 prevents the escape of steam through tube 12.

i I claim 1. A refrigeration process which 'comprises,adsorbing in activated coal the vapors of a mass of monohydric alcohol which is in heat exchanging relation With a medium to be cooled, then heating said activated coal to drive off the adsorbed alcohol, condensing said alcohol and after the evaporation of said condensed alcohol in the refrigerating act, repeating the above steps in cyclic operation.

2. A refrigeration process as claimed in claim 1, the range of alcohols to be used being limited to those which have a boiling point not exceeding 85 Celsius 3. A refrigeration process as claimed in claim 1, the range of alcohols to be used being limited to those which have a boiling point not in excess of 80 Celsius.

4. A refrigeration process which comprises, adsorbing inactivated coal the vapors of'a mass of methyl alcohol which is in heat exchanging'relation with a medium to be cooled, then heating said activated coal 

